Setting. The analemma at 4:52 pm EST for every day of the year. If the date is December 7th, then the Sun is at the "lowest" position of the analemma, and sunset is just occurring. The Sun has not yet set at any other position on the analemma; that is, on any other date. Thus, December 7th is the date of the earliest sunset.
That's just one of the diagrams in this very clear explanation by John Holtz. Very well done.
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